Grouting of Underground Sinkholes
Wednesday, 22 February 2023
Underground sinkholes are caused by natural geological processes or the collapse of old underground mines. Generally, naturally forming sinkholes are circular and may be up to 125 m in diameter. Additionally, they are steep sided and deep up to 50m. Usually, they occur with little warning. However, cracks in walls or settlement of the ground
- Published in Slope
Rockfall Scaling Techniques
Wednesday, 22 February 2023
Rockfall scaling ranges from simple scaling of loose rock mass with hand-held tools such as “Gwala” to more advanced processes such as the sensitive blasting with low energy rock-breaking cartridges. Rockfalls presents major hazards in excavations for highways and railways in mountainous terrain. A rockfall event is generally initiated by climatic and biological event that
